Английский язык: Аннотирование и реферирование текста

275 able. If passed, the bill might result in even further militarization of cy- berspace; today, virtually all major security contractors – from Lock- heed Martin to Boeing – have already set up cybersecurity divisions, fighting for government funds. U.S. government spending on secure computer networks is forecast to rise from $7.4 billion in 2008 to $10.7 billion in 2013. Most of NATO's biggest members, including France, Britain and Germany, appear to be following the U.S. lead. Estonia, on the other hand, is choosing not to play up fear of a cyberwar. Such talk in 2007 only made already strained relations with Russia worse. Instead, it prefers to demilitarize the issue by shifting the responsibility for cybersecurity from the Ministry of Defense to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications, and is working to identify the services – like online banking – that are most critical to running a digital economy. The Estonians are stepping up efforts to educate citizens on how to identify risks, and creating graduate pro- grams in cybersecurity. Heli Tiirmaa-Klaar, the senior defense adviser at Estonia's defense ministry and one of the country's leading cyberse- curity officials, speaks of promoting a "culture of cybersecurity," start- ing with schoolchildren. The Estonians have the right idea. Cyberattacks would be pro- hibitively expensive if hackers had to build their own computers, rather than hijacking idle ones. And a society of savvy citizens is the best de- fense, because they have every incentive to stay ahead of the hackers; industry tends to stay a step behind, because attacks create a demand for new software. That's how America's reliance on centralized military industries could backfire: they are not numerous or nimble enough to fight Internet battles. Estonia's civilian answer is both more likely to prove popular in diplomatic circles, and more likely to be successful. Vocabulary Think tank – научный , исследовательский центр Squabble – пререкания , спор , ссора Flaunt – выставлять напоказ , хвастаться