Английский язык: Аннотирование и реферирование текста

154 States. However, more detailed analyses of self-employment trends suggest that cyclical and structural transformations are not sufficient explanations. There is room to think of self-employment as a reflection of a broader cultural shift, whereby human capital is redefining itself and its value within the labour market. Moreover, the values manifested in this cultural shift are not being reflected in the traditional employer- employee relationship. Self-employment represents another option which increasing numbers of transformational workers may choose in the future. The cultural shift identified by Inglehart is compatible with the argument that the new breed of transformational workers will have a growing interest in negotiating nontraditional remuneration and benefits. Trend data from employed Canadians collected in the Goldfarb Report from 1990 through 1998 are further evidence of the changing values of the workforce. Employees are feeling more and more rushed today than they did in 1991. This feeling is the result of pressures both in workers' personal and working lives. At the same time, employees are indicating a greater desire for incentive pay (up to 65 percent in 1998 from 60 percent in 1990). In addition, employed Canadians are showing a stronger desire for a job with more leisure time than a job with higher pay but less time off (up to 50 percent in 1998 from 46 percent in 1991). Employed Canadians are showing increased signs of a willing- ness to forgo some of the traditional trappings of the employer- employee relationship, e.g., salaried work and pay over leisure time, for personal expression. These results are based on the entire workforce (full-time and part-time workers from all levels). It is possible that the change in values is greater among transformational workers than trans- actional workers. Competitive firms will have to find methods of ensuring job sat- isfaction if they are to attract and retain transformational workers. The