Английский язык: Аннотирование и реферирование текста

120 The programmes for development of managers are oriented also according to the hierarchy in the organization. That is why they are di- vided into several topics. For example, the courses for development are organized for low-level managers of the organization. They emphasize mainly on the individual effectiveness of the manager. The courses for management of business are organized for higher-level managers. These courses emphasize mainly on competi- tiveness. The top managers’ courses for development lay stress on lead- ership, changes in the environment, and development strategy. Vocabulary : Improving the qualification – повышение квалификации Implement (through) – ( зд .) реализовывать Accomplish – осуществлять Know beforehand – знать заранее Identification – ( зд .) выявление Consecutive courses – последовательные курсы Settle issues – решать вопросы To lay stress on – делать упор на I . Answer the questions to the text : 1. How must the system of the improvement the qualification of every manager be implemented? 2. What are the main principles on which a well functioning sys- tem is built? 3. Why do many worldwide know companies have own pro- grammes for development of managers? 4. Why are the programmes for development to the hierarchy in the organization? II . Find the synonyms of the following words in the text . Essential; to achieve; to implement; to take up; to hold; to stress; to alter, to modify, to vary.