Английский язык: Аннотирование и реферирование текста

116 Second, these managers are more confident in the performance of their high responsible role. Third, they encourage the employees to take part in the decision making process, defend them whenever it is needed, and are able to be exacting towards the subordinates. Fourth, these managers spend most of their time in solving man- agement problems, not directly production issues. The following features characterize the everyday work of the ef- fective managers: • They give minimum orders; • They assign a definite number of tasks and control the results; • They rarely exert pressure; • They regularly train their employees; • They do different work from their subordinates; • They spend more time to solve long-term rather than short-term issues; • They treat with patience and understanding those qualities of the employees, which do not hinder their work; • They show impatience to everything that has in unfavourable influence on the work. The successful and effective managers have usually a wider view on things in the organization. They possess both concrete and abstract thinking. They can easily link concrete with abstract ideas and con- versely. This ability, which some call helicopter thinking, allows them optimally to combine the broad view with the details. Vocabulary : To be diverse in type – различаться в зависимости от вида Impact – ( зд ) воздействия On the ground – на основе To exercise supervision – проводить контроль To encourage the employees – побуждать работников To be exacting towards the subordinates – быть требователь - ным к подчиненным