Aviation Technical English for aircraft maintenance engineers (Авиационный технический английский язык для студентов-авитехников)

72 Fuel filters: a fuel strainer, or filter, is installed between the fuel tank outlet and the inlet of either the fuel metering device or an engine driven positive displacement pump, whichever is nearer to the fuel tank outlet. It performs a dual function of preventing the foreign matter from entering the carburetor, and trapping any small amount of water that may be present in the system. In multi-engine aircraft, one main strainer is usually installed in each engine nacelle. Fuel gauges: Afuel gauge is an instrument used to indicate the level of fuel contained in a fuel tank. The gauge consists of two parts: a sensing unit and an indicator. The sensing unit usually uses a float connected to a potentiometer. As the tank empties, the float drops and slides a moving contact along the resistor, increasing its resistance. In addition, when the resistance is at a certain point, it will also turn on a «low fuel» light on some aircrafts. Meanwhile, the indicator unit measures and displays the amount of electrical current flowing through the sending unit. When the tank level is high and maximum current is flowing, the needle points to «F» indicating a full tank. When the tank is empty and the least current is flowing, the needle points to «E» indicating an empty tank. *http://www.ripublication.com/aasa/aasav3n3spl_06.pdf (05.10.2018). HELICOPTERS Before the development of powered helicopters in the mid 20th century, autogyro pioneer Juan de la Cierva researched and developed many of the fundamentals of the rotor. Cierva is credited with successful development of multi-bladed, fully articulated rotor systems. This system, in its various modified forms, is the basis of most multi-bladed helicopter rotor systems. In the 1930s, Arthur Young improved the stability of two-bladed rotor systems with the introduction of a stabilizer bar. This system was used in several Bell and Hiller helicopter models. It is also used in many remote control model helicopters. Ahelicopter (informally called «copter» or «helo») is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by engine-driven rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forwards,