Aviation Technical English for aircraft maintenance engineers (Авиационный технический английский язык для студентов-авитехников)

59 ADDITIONAL TEXTS FOR READING AIRSPACE Airspace is a three-dimensional area classified by altitude and location. It is first divided into either controlled or uncontrolled airspace. Controlled airspacemeans an area where air traffic control has the authority in controlling the movement of aircraft. Uncontrolled airspace is an area where air traffic control is considered unnecessary for the control of aircraft.Airspace is further divided into classes that range fromA to G. How any portion of airspace is classified can be determined by looking at aeronautical charts. Each class of airspace has specific rules for flying. Above an airport or an urban area, stricter rules apply to low-flying aircraft, but as the altitude increases, the rules become less strict. Specifically, each different class of airspace has rules for whether aircraft should be flown IFR or VRF. In classA, for example, aircraft must fly using IFR. Since classAis so high (from 18,000 to 60,000 MSL, only IFR can be used to navigate aircraft in this area). In all other classes of airspace, aircraft can fly using either IFR or VFR. Class B airspace is located around major airports. Class C airspace is located around airports withmoderate activity. Class D airspace is located around airports with light activity. Most all other controlled airspace is labeled as Class E. Class F airspace is not used in the United States, but in Germany, for example, Class F airspace is used for IFR flight in uncontrolled space. Class G Airspace indicates uncontrolled airspace, or the portion of airspace closest to the ground. Pilots should check the specific airspace classifications of each country they will visit since the details of airspace classification differ from country to country. *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace_class www. flightlearnings.com/2012/04/24/airspace-classifications/ (05.10.2018)