Английский язык: Аннотирование и реферирование текста

214 2.2. ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ « ИНФОРМАТИКА И ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА » Текст 1. Security: Playing it Safe The computer industry has been extremely vulnerable in the mat- ter of security. Computer security once meant the physical security of the computer itself – guarded and locked doors. Computer screens were given dark filters so others could not easily see the data on the screen. But filters and locks by no means prevented access. More sophisticated security means safeguarding the computer system against such threats as burglary, vandalism, fire, natural disasters, theft of data for ransom, industrial espionage, and various forms of white-collar crime 1 . Emphasis on Access and Throughput . For the last decade or so, computer programmers have concentrated on making it easy for people to use computer systems. Unfortunately, in some situations the systems are all too easy to use; they don't impose nearly enough restric- tions to safeguard confidential information or to prevent unauthorized persons from changing the information in a file. It's as if a bank concentrated all its efforts on handing out money as fast is it could and did very little to see that the persons who re- quested the money were entitled to it. Of course, a real bank works just the opposite way, checking very carefully before handing out any money. Computer systems that handle sensitive personal and financial data should be designed with the same philosophy in mind.